1 files changed, 358 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/lessons/string formatting.ipynb b/lessons/string formatting.ipynb
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@@ -0,0 +1,358 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "player = 'thomas'"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "points = 33"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "TypeError",
+     "evalue": "can only concatenate str (not \"int\") to str",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
+      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-3-1da050906281>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mplayer\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m+\u001b[0m \u001b[0mpoints\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
+      "\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: can only concatenate str (not \"int\") to str"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print(player + points)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "thomas33\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# concat\n",
+    "print(player + str(points))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "thomas 33\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# string formatting with f-strings. F-strings are a new feature of python3.\n",
+    "print(f'{player} {points}')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "sentence = player + \" \" + str(points) + \".\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "thomas 33.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print(sentence)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      " 33 thomas 33.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "sentence2 = f' {points} {player} {points}.'\n",
+    "print(sentence2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "33 thomas 33.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# In older versions of Python, f-strings did not exist. Instead we did\n",
+    "print(\"%s %s %s.\" % (points, player, points))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "I scored 33.3 points today.\n",
+      "I scored 33 points today.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# %s converts everything into string\n",
+    "# %d converts into numbers (integer first, without rounding)\n",
+    "print('I scored %s points today.' % 33.3)\n",
+    "print('I scored %d points today.' % 33.8)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Padding and Precision of floating point numbers\n",
+    "\n",
+    "floating points use the format %5.2f. Here, 5 would be minimum number of characters the string should contain. .2f stands for how many numbers to show AFTER the decimal point."
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 33,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Floating point numbers 13.49\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print('Floating point numbers %5.2f' % (13.490))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 34,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Floating point numbers: 13\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print('Floating point numbers: %1.0f' %(13.144))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 35,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Floating point numbers:                     13.14\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print('Floating point numbers: %25.2f' %(13.144))\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Multi Formatting"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 36,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "First hi, Second:  3.14\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print('First %s, Second: %5.2f' % ('hi', 3.1415))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Formatting with .format() method"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 37,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "this is a string with an insert\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print(\"this is a string with an {}\".format('insert'))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 38,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "The quick brown fox\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# (0,1,2) == index(fox, brown, quick)\n",
+    "print('The {2} {1} {0}'.format('fox', 'brown', 'quick'))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Float formatting with f-strings"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 47,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "My 10 character, four decimal number is:   23.4568\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "num = 23.45678\n",
+    "print(f'My 10 character, four decimal number is:{num:{10}.{6}}')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 48,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "My 10 character, four decimal number is:   23.4568\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print(f'My 10 character, four decimal number is:{num:10.4f}')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.7.6"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 4
+}